How do I know if my child needs braces?

As your child moves through their mini (and big) milestones, you might be wondering, ‘How will I know if my child will need braces?’

There is no easy answer to this question. If (and when) your child does in fact need braces will depend on a list of factors longer than the line at a Wiggles’ concert.

The good news is, this blog covers some of the most obvious signs that could make your child a candidate for braces, as well as some of the ins and outs that come with making this decision.

First, what to look for.

HOW DO I KNOW IF MY CHILD NEEDS BRACES – 4 SIGNS TO LOOK FOR

They have crooked teeth

The next time your little one flashes their gorgeous grin, have a look at their teeth. Are any teeth overlapping or crooked? If so, it’s likely your child could require some form of orthodontic treatment.

They were late losing their baby teeth

When it comes to falling out, baby teeth run on their own little schedule. But if your child is 12 and the tooth fairy is still popping gold coins under their pillow, it’s a good idea to consult with your dentist. The development of baby teeth is so important. When loss of baby teeth is early, late, or irregular, it can cause overlapping and shifting. This gives adult teeth a much higher chance of growing crooked when they start to come through.

They experience difficulties chewing

Eating and chewing should be child’s play! But for children with misaligned teeth or jaws, chewing can be more painful than pleasant. Whenever your child is eating, keep an ear out for any complaints of pain. Particularly when it comes to hard food. It’s also helpful to keep an eye out for signs of food avoidance. This could indicate that your little one is experiencing discomfort while eating.

They exhibit speech difficulties

The way your child speaks can actually speak volumes when it comes to the alignment of their jaw and teeth. Some things to look out for include slurring of their words (they may not have enough room in their mouth) and difficulty pronouncing words (could be due to a bad bite).

While some signs are very clear and obvious, not all dental problems are easy to detect. Only an orthodontist or dentist can accurately assess if your child is likely to benefit from braces.

If an orthodontist suggests braces, it’s natural for your mind to be buzzing with questions. Here are answers to some of the most FAQs we get from parents.

WHY SHOULD MY CHILD GET BRACES?

We understand that many parents can have doubts about their child having braces. We want to assure you that braces is an investment that pays dividends. Braces have a positive, healthy and lasting impact on your child’s dental health and general wellbeing. They have benefits beyond aesthetics. They make gum disease, tooth decay, and other periodontal diseases less likely to occur because when teeth are properly aligned they are simpler to clean and maintain. They also help your child achieve a good bite which is necessary to facilitate appropriate biting, chewing and speech development.

HOW LONG WILL MY CHILD NEED BRACES FOR?

Braces slowly move your child’s teeth into a healthier and happier position. This process can take time. The typical period is around two years. However, this depends greatly on the individual and the orthodontic issues that need to be addressed. You will be kept updated about things like expected duration at your child’s regular orthodontic appointments.

AT WHAT AGE CAN MY CHILD GET BRACES?

The average age for getting braces is usually between 9 and 14. The exception is Invisalign, which your child can start wearing from 6-years-old onward. The perfect time for your child to have their first trip to the orthodontist is at around seven. A consult in these early years gives the orthodontist plenty of time to evaluate your child’s orthodontic needs and make treatment recommendations.

WHAT TYPES OF BRACES ARE AVAILABLE?

Fortunately these days there are so many types of braces for kids to choose from.

Traditional Metal Braces – these are the standard orthodontic treatment for children and typically the least expensive choice.

Lingual Braces – these are placed behind the teeth making them almost undetectable. They are typically the most expensive option and often worn a little longer than traditional metal braces.

Invisalign – involves a series of invisible aligners, not brackets, to straighten your child’s teeth. They are typically faster than traditional braces.

HOW SHOULD BRACES BE CARED FOR?

Taking care of your braces will make them much more comfortable and effective. Here are a few tips to ensure your child is getting a step closer to their perfect smile every day.

Brush straight after eating and floss daily (the orthodontist can give your child a special flosser to use in and around braces)
Attend routine dental cleanings and exams to check for cavities
Avoid certain foods such as those that are especially hard or sticky
If your child is wearing retainers or clear plastic aligners, make sure they always take them out when it’s time to eat

ARE BRACES PAINFUL?

Braces fix alignment problems by putting gentle pressure on your teeth to slowly straighten them. This pressure can occasionally cause pain after braces are applied. Some children may experience mild discomfort for a few days. This can typically be managed with over-the-counter pain relief. Cold drinks and smoothies are another soothing option.

In the first week after getting braces, it’s normal for your child to experience:

Pressure and soreness of teeth and gums, especially when chewing
Sores or discomfort on the insides of their cheeks
Discomfort or cuts on their tongue (from running it across their new braces)

A loose bracket or wire can also cause pain. A trip to the orthodontist and some soft orthodontic wax to conceal sharp brackets will have everything running smoothly again. Most children grow used to their braces within the first month, after 6 months, many don’t notice them at all!

HOW MUCH DO BRACES COST?

Understandably, many parents desire straighter teeth for their little ones but are concerned about the affordability of treatment. The cost of orthodontics depends heavily on several factors including the estimated duration and complexity of treatment as well as the type of treatment you choose.

Obtaining an estimate without an initial consultation is almost in mission impossible territory. That said, the average amount you can expect to pay for a full course of orthodontic treatment in Australia can range anywhere from $6,000- $15,000.

THE BEST PLACE TO START IS WITH ROUTINE DENTAL CARE

Children and their dental needs are all beautifully unique. When it comes to the question, ‘How do I know if my child needs braces’, there are warning signs to look out for. However, regular dental check-ups are the best route to take.

This will help your dentist assess and monitor your child’s oral health, pick up any potential problems early and concoct a solid game plan to keep your child’s teeth and gums in gold-star condition.

If your child is overdue for their next appointment give us a call on (02) 9188-0202 or book online here.

This article is intended to promote understanding of and knowledge about general oral health topics and to help begin the conversation with your children’s dentist. It should not be used as a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your health care professional prior to incorporating this as part of your child’s diet or health regimen.

How to look after baby teeth and gums

Nothing can melt your heart quite like a baby’s smile – especially when their little toothy grins start coming through. But cuteness aside, when teeth begin to make their grand entrance, it can be daunting for any parent to figure out how to look after baby teeth and gums.

When we think about how we brush our teeth as adults, it’s almost impossible to imagine a baby sitting still for a full two minutes while you brush up, down and all around, right?

Luckily, we have some simple tips to make looking after your baby’s teeth and gums a pain-free experience, and not just when it comes to brushing.

But first, have you ever wondered why humans get two sets of teeth in the first place?

THE IMPORTANCE OF BABY TEETH AND LOOKING AFTER THEM

Tiny teeth are mighty important for your little one’s long-term health.

Baby teeth might be temporary, but neglecting them can have some not so temporary effects. Those mini munchers play an important role in your child’s health and development. Here’s why baby teeth deserve lots of TLC …

They allow your child to chew properly.
They help your child speak and smile.
They are ‘placeholders’ that help guide adult teeth into their correct positions.
They help your baby’s mouth and jaw muscles develop correctly.

Taking care of baby teeth is also important to help avoid cavities. Did you know that nearly 1 in 4 children aged between 2 and 5 have cavities in their baby teeth?

Tooth decay can be painful and uncomfortable for children just like it is for adults. Cavities can affect your little one’s quality of life and lead to problems with eating, speaking, learning, playing and sleeping.

They can also increase the risk of more serious dental conditions that can follow them into adulthood. The good news? There are some easy steps you can take to keep your child’s no cavity club membership intact, and as a result look after their baby teeth and gums really well!

HOW TO LOOK AFTER BABY TEETH AND GUMS: OUR TOP FOUR TIPS

TIP 1: EMPLOY EARLY BIRD TACTICS

To keep a baby smile sparkling long into the future, it’s important to follow a good dental care routine as soon as possible. Good oral hygiene starts from birth.

From birth to six months, you can care for your little one’s oral health by gently wiping their gums with a clean, damp soft washcloth or gauze after feedings to remove milk or food particles.

Plus, always rinse your baby’s pacifier with water and don’t share feeding spoons. This will help avoid passing on cavity causing germs.

Once your child’s first tooth has erupted, brush their teeth twice a day with a small, baby toothbrush that has soft rounded bristles. Use a rice grain size amount of toothpaste until age three.

Speaking of toothpaste, you might be wondering whether fluoridated toothpaste is the best option for your child? While fluoride is often heralded as the king mineral for oral health, The National Health and Medical Research Council recommends children only use fluoride in toothpaste from 18 months old onward. Prior to this you can use an un-fluorinated baby toothpaste to get them comfortable with a regular morning and night practice. Your paediatric dentist will be able to provide you with ongoing guidance about your child’s individual fluoride needs as part of their routine dental check up.

When it comes to brushing techniques, use soft circular motions and spend time on the front and back of each tooth and along the gum line.

But what if your baby is a little mover and groover, and not so content staying still for more than a few moments? While those sweet little squirms are adorable and a totally normal part of their development, it can make brushing their teeth tricky.

Step one in side-stepping squirminess is to get your positioning right. Try sitting on a bed or the floor with your baby’s head resting securely on your lap. You can then cup your baby’s chin in your hands and gently lift their lips to clean their teeth.

If more than one person is available, try the “knee to knee” technique. This position involves two adults sitting and facing each other with knees touching. Your little one will lie on you both so that their head is resting on one person’s lap with their legs on the other person’s lap.

The person with your child’s head uses one hand to gently lift their lips so their teeth are exposed. Their other hand is used to gently brush their teeth.

The second adult focuses on comforting and distracting your little one. They can also gently hold your baby’s hands to prevent them from grabbing at the toothbrush.

Whatever position you choose, it’s important to ensure that bub is at no risk of falling, and their head is fully supported.

TIP 2 : KEEP IT CONSISTENT AND FUN

You gotta make it fun! While keeping baby teeth and gums healthy is important, it’s more important to establish a routine that your child loves and doesn’t dread. These things are a work in progress, and parents need not strive for perfection. Each and every day training your child to have a positive teeth cleaning routine will become easier and set them up for a lifetime of great oral health.

Luckily there are a few little tricks you can keep up your sleeve to help transform that ‘battle of the brushes’ into something they enjoy and stick to for years to come. It’s all about creating a positive experience from the earliest moment.

For less tantrums and more tranquillity give these tips a go:

Try and brush their teeth at a time when your child is feeling happy and content
Make brushing a family affair – if your baby watches you brush your teeth, they’ll likely want to get in on the action too.
Have their favourite toy along for the experience, and as they start becoming more aware, you can even pretend to brush their toy’s teeth too!
Play (or make up) a fun toothbrushing song while brushing or tell stories as you brush to make things fun or more soothing depending on your child’s needs.

All of these things can help create a positive association with toothbrushing time from a very early age and into the future. Not only is this amazing news for their long term oral health, it will help make your life a little easier too!

TIP 3: IT’S NEVER ‘TOOTH’ EARLY TO VISIT THE DENTIST

When should your child’s first dental check-up be? Ideally after the first tooth appears or before your child turns one. This allows them to get comfortable visiting the dentist and helps them learn that dental visits are nothing to fear – they are just a normal part of life. This small step can help reduce the risk of tooth decay and create the perfect recipe for good long term oral health.

Your child’s first dental visit should be friendly, relaxed and fun! It is usually brief and involves very little treatment. The idea is to get them comfortable with a dentist checking their teeth and gums. This visit also gives us the chance to ensure your baby’s mouth is developing correctly.

Doing this can get on top of any abnormalities early and potentially save you money and complications in the future.

We will also check for signs of decay or oral issues, remove any plaque, provide you with any advice you may need for caring for their teeth at home and give you guidance on how often your child should have check-ups, based on their individual needs.

We understand that some children (and carers) may feel anxious about jumping in the dental chair. Here’s some tips on how to make dentist trips more positive for your child:

Take them with you to your dental appointments before their first visit. This can help your child to become familiar with the environment, it can also be beneficial for them to get to know their dentist.
Visit a dentist that specialises in caring for children (a paediatric dentist) – these are qualified dentists who have also completed specialist training in children’s oral health. The team at At Macarthur Paediatric Dentistry is highly trained in this area.
Bring along a special toy or item that gives them comfort to help ease any anxieties.
Sit in the dentist’s chair with your child on your lap. This can help your child feel more relaxed and help them sit still during the check-up.
Check in with your own emotions about visiting the dentist. We know from research that parents with dental fears and anxiety can pass these on to their children from a very young age. The calmer and more positive you are about the visit, the more optimistic and open your child will generally be.

TIP 4: CHOOSE NUTRITIOUS FOODS AND DRINKS

Just like with adults, every child is at risk of tooth decay. In fact, the hard outer layer of their teeth, known as enamel, is far thinner and softer on baby teeth putting them at an even greater risk of decay than their carers.The good news? Tooth decay is largely preventable!

When it comes to cavities in your child’s primary teeth, sugars, acids and food remnants are some of the key villains. Fortunately, the Australian Dental Association has compiled a list of tooth-healthy tips to support your child in avoiding the main risk factors for baby cavities.

Avoid putting your baby to sleep with a bottle of milk, flavoured milk, fruit juice, cordial and the like. Bacteria LOVE feeding on the sugars in these drinks and form a sticky coating of plaque and acids that eat into tooth enamel.
Delay the introduction of added sugars and acids.
Teach your little one to drink from an open cup by around 12 months of age.
Encourage your little one to drink water. If they do consume juice, try to give it at mealtimes only. Sipping juice consistently throughout the day can lead to severe tooth decay.
Encourage a balanced wholefood diet and limit sugary or acidic snacks to treats not everyday foods
Do some research – there are plenty of reputable articles to help answer your questions such as this article here: How much sugar per day is ok for kids?

Knowing how to look after baby teeth and gums can sometimes feel overwhelming. But TLC for little teeth is a gift that keeps giving. By using these tips you are setting your child up for a lifetime of amazing oral health.

If you have any questions about your little one’s teeth, please contact us – our friendly team is always happy to help.

If your child is overdue for their next appointment give us a call on (02) 9188-0202 or book online here.

Six tips to managing dental treatments for kids with anxiety

Many kids fear going to the dentist. In fact, dental fear and anxiety affects one in 10 Australian children. They may have had a previous traumatic dental experience that scared them, or they may have picked up this anxiety from a family member or loved one. Dental treatment anxiety in kids can be caused by a fear of pain, the unknown, tools such as needles and drills, kinds of treatments, sounds, smells, the dental setting, or even the dentist themselves.

This level of worry can result in tears, and not just from the kids! It can be upsetting for you as parents and carers too. Common signs and symptoms of dental anxiety in kids include crying, distress, panic attacks, withdrawal, and fidgeting to name a few. If dental anxiety is not managed when your child is young, it can prevent them from attending much needed dental appointments in adult life resulting in poor oral care and further health complications.

At Macarthur Paediatric Dentistry, we are driven by a desire to make your child’s dental visit a positive experience. Here are our six tips to managing dental treatments for kids with anxiety:

1: START DENTAL VISITS EARLY

Your child’s first dental appointment is recommended after they turn one or no longer than six months after they get their first teeth. Starting your child’s dental visits early helps to start conversations with your dentist about oral care.

During their first appointment, your child will be introduced to their paediatric dentist in a friendly way to build trust and allow them to feel comfortable with the dentist checking their teeth and gums which sets them up with healthy habits for the future. The first visit

Ensure to book regular visits at least every six to 12 months with the same dentist if possible so your child becomes familiar with their dentist, the dental team, and the dental environment.

2: PRE-APPOINTMENT COMMUNICATION

Before your child visits the dentist, chat to them about their appointment and their feelings. Explain the reason and importance for going to the dentist and how the dentist can help them to stay healthy.

Next, answer any questions they may have honestly to ease their worries. Toys and books can help to alleviate their anxiety too. Toy dental kits are useful for role playing to demonstrate the dentist setting in a positive way.

Some great books to help your child overcome dental fear and anxiety include The Tooth Book by Dr. Seuss, Curious George Visits the Dentist by H. A. Rey, and Peppa Pig Dentist Trip by Scholastic.

Before your child’s appointment, it can be beneficial for them to get to know their dentist. They can learn more about their dentist, see their photo and learn their hobbies and superpowers. Seeing their face and knowing more about them takes some of the unknown out of the upcoming appointment.

3: BRING SOMETHING COMFORTING TO THEIR APPOINTMENT

Bringing one of your child’s favourite comforters to the dentist can help to ease their worries and be a great distraction. These can include their favourite toy, a blanket (weighted blankets are great for easing anxiety), their favourite book, or their favourite song. You can call us ahead of time to chat with us about your child’s fears and if there’s anything you can bring that might help.

4: DEEP BREATHING AND MEDITATION FOR ANXIETY

Deep breathing and meditation are effective ways to manage anxiety. You can practise deep breaths at home with your child and then do them while at the dentist which helps your child to focus on their breath rather than on their fears.

There are many calming meditations to reduce dental anxiety in kids, the Insight Timer app is free and features kid’s meditations that could help. Focus-attention strategies can also be helpful including counting, singing, and concentrating on an object of focal point in the room to distract them from their treatment fears.

5: MEDICAL MANAGEMENT

If your child experiences severe dental anxiety or phobia, your dentist may recommend your child see a psychologist or use pharmacological methods including dental treatment under sedation. During your initial consultation we will address these concerns so you and your child feel confident about the plan going forward.

6: CHOOSE A PAEDIATRIC DENTIST

A paediatric dentist provides both primary and comprehensive preventive and therapeutic oral health care specialising in the treatment of infants and children through adolescence, including those with special healthcare needs.

Registered specialist paediatric dentists are qualified dentists who have completed at least two years of clinical dental practice and three years specialist training following their dental degree. Their additional training specialising in children’s oral health can help to reassure you as a parent.

As we are a paediatric dental clinic, our practice and treatment rooms are designed to provide your child with a comfortable dental experience.

At Macarthur Paediatric Dentistry, our team is highly trained, professional and friendly.

MANAGING DENTAL TREATMENTS FOR KIDS WITH ANXIETY – FINAL TIPS FOR PARENTS AND GUARDIANS

Parents with dental fears and anxiety can pass these onto their children without knowing or meaning to. We recommend having a calm approach and staying positive to help your child feel relaxed about visiting the dentist.

Knowing what to expect during your child’s first dental visit can also help to put your mind at ease and prepare you for your child’s visit.

We hope this article has provided you with helpful tips and resources to manage dental treatments for your child with anxiety. If you have any questions, please contact us to discuss your child’s fears and how to best manage their dental anxiety – our friendly team is happy to help.

If your child is overdue for their next appointment give us a call on (02) 9188-0202 or book online here.

Dental treatment under sedation for kids: What parents need to know

If the word ‘dentist’ has your child running to hide under their bed, then you’re not alone. Even the bravest little health heroes can feel nervous about trips to the dentist – especially if they know they have a big procedure coming up. This is where dental treatment under sedation can be really helpful to put both you and your child at ease.

Dental treatment under sedation is all about helping patients cope with procedures they may otherwise struggle with such as a more complicated tooth extraction. Here’s everything you need to know about dental treatment under sedation to help determine (along with the advice from your paediatric dentist) if this could be an option for your child.

WHAT IS DENTAL TREATMENT UNDER SEDATION?

In some cases your child’s paediatric dentist might recommend that they be given sedation to help them relax and to create a more comfortable, safe and effective environment in which they receive treatment in.

Sedation is a technique used to help transition children into a sleep-like state while allowing them to remain conscious throughout the treatment. Often they will feel chilled out during their appointment. They should feel calm and comfortable but awake, in control and able to communicate.

WHAT TYPES OF SEDATION ARE AVAILABLE?

There are three main types of sedation used to provide children with the most pleasant dental experience. You and your paediatric dentist can discuss several factors when deciding which sedation option is most suitable. The type of procedure, your child’s health history, allergies and their anxiety level are all considered when determining which approach will be best for them.

The three main types of sedation used in paediatric dentistry are:

Inhalation Sedation

This is the least invasive sedative. You might know it as ‘laughing gas’ or ‘happy gas’. With inhalation sedation your child breathes in nitrous oxide combined with oxygen. It works to relax and decrease pain sensitivity. It takes just a few minutes to start working, has no after effects and tends to wear off quickly following the procedure.

Oral Sedation

This sedative comes in the form of a tablet or liquid. It is the most commonly known sedative in sedation dentistry. It’s usually taken an hour before the appointment. Depending on the dose required, it can range from minimal to moderate in effect. It makes your little one drowsy though they often remain awake. If they do fall asleep, usually just a gentle shake will awaken them. Unlike inhalation sedation, it can leave them feeling a little groggy after the procedure.

Intravenous (IV) Sedation

Intravenous (IV) Sedation is sometimes known as ‘twilight sedation’. It is moderate in effect and involves receiving the sedative drug through a vein in your child’s arm. This means it goes to work quickly. IV Sedation usually takes just a few minutes to take effect. As with oral sedation, IV sedation might leave your little one feeling a bit drowsy afterwards.

IS TREATMENT UNDER SEDATION SAFE FOR CHILDREN?

For most children, treatment under sedation is very safe and effective when administered by an experienced dentist.

During a consultation, your dentist will go over your child’s medical history. They will also assess whether your little one is an appropriate candidate for sedation and ask about any medications they might be taking. They will explain the process and any risks in full to you and ensure all your questions are answered.

We work closely with paediatric anaesthetists whose role is to ensure your child is comfortable and pain free. The anaesthetist will stay with your brave little one at all times during the operation and monitor them closely.

In Australia, specialist paediatric anaesthetists are among the world’s most highly trained doctors, having spent years undergoing training in anaesthesia, pain control, resuscitation and managing medical emergencies.

HOW TO LOOK AFTER YOUR CHILD POST SEDATION

This will depend on your child’s case, what procedure was performed and what sedation was administered. We will walk you through in detail what you should do after the procedure during your initial visit, covering things like what to look out for, pain relief and management and types of foods to eat after.

THE HEALTH OF YOUR CHILD’S TEETH IS KEY

At Macarthur Paediatric Dentistry, our goal is to help your child achieve and maintain excellent dental hygiene that will last a lifetime. We work with you to make your child’s dental visit as safe and comfortable as possible. Sometimes that means general anaesthesia or sedation may be beneficial.

We hope this article has answered some questions, dispelled some concerns, and shed some light on what is involved in dental treatment under sedation.

If your child is overdue for their next appointment give us a call on (02) 9188-0202 or book online here.

The importance of baby teeth and the role they play in development

The importance of baby teeth is often underestimated due to the fact that they are eventually lost and replaced by the permanent adult teeth. However, research has shown that when baby teeth are well cared for, better oral health prevails in the adult teeth.

Baby teeth therefore serve a vital role in your child’s long-term dental health. The baby teeth at the front of the mouth (incisors) last until about 6-8 years of age, while those at the back aren’t replaced by their adult successors until the ages of 9-11.

Given the length of time that some of these baby teeth stay in your child’s mouth, the care of them becomes extremely important from the outset.

THE PURPOSE OF BABY TEETH

The importance of baby teeth comes down to the fact that they are the caretakers of space for the developing adult teeth, particularly those back teeth. When well-cared for and present till the right time, baby teeth help to guide strong, adult teeth into the right spaces.

Proper chewing and jaw development

Baby teeth help your child to chew properly in order to digest their food. The chewing process exercises their jaw and facial muscles which assists with their formation.

Promote balanced nutrition

Healthy baby teeth allow children to consume a variety of foods and textures. If chewing is sore due to a cavity or infection, your child may refuse to eat certain harder foods and instead opt for softer, less painful choices.

Space holders for adult teeth

Baby teeth create a pathway for the permanent teeth to push through. If your child loses their baby teeth prematurely, it can sometimes cause crowding in the adult dentition.

WHAT CAUSES A BABY TOOTH TO BE LOST EARLY

There are a number of reasons for baby teeth to be lost early. Some of these are:

Dental trauma
Infection from progressive decay or cavities
Lack of space causing teeth to exfoliate (fall out) earlier than normal
Certain medical conditions and oral effects of these medical conditions

A pulpotomy procedure is usually performed in a first effort to restore a child’s infected baby teeth. A pulpotomy procedure involves the paediatric dentist opening up your child’s tooth and removing the infected pulp from the crown (the upper part of the tooth).

The pulp is usually treated with a special medication that helps protect the pulp from infection. After this, your child’s tooth will be protected with a filling or a crown (that may be of stainless steel or zirconia).

If your child is suffering from irreversible pulpitis then they may need a pulpectomy procedure. It is a similar procedure to a pulpotomy, the only difference is that all of the pulp is removed, including the roots.

A tooth extraction is a last resort. The reason why tooth removal is an absolute last resort is because of the importance of baby teeth in your child’s development.

Baby teeth can also be lost due to dental trauma. Most of the time tooth injuries are superficial and will heal quickly in a developing healthy child. However, at times dental trauma can be severe, and it could potentially disturb the health of the underlying permanent teeth. In this scenario, extraction may be the best option.

THE PROCESS OF A PERMANENT TOOTH ERUPTING

When your child’s adult teeth are ready to emerge, the roots of the baby tooth dissolve so that the tooth becomes loose and falls out.

So when a baby tooth is lost early, the adult teeth can drift into the empty space and cause crowding of permanent teeth.

HOW SPACE MAINTAINERS HELP IF YOUR CHILD LOSES THEIR BABY TEETH EARLY

If your child loses their teeth prematurely, a space maintainer might be needed to keep the space open until the permanent tooth erupts.

A space maintainer is a small appliance that effectively preserves the gap. Not only do they hold space for the adult teeth to grow, but they also prevent other baby teeth from moving into the open space.

It is important to consult with a paediatric dentist about using a space maintainer anytime your child loses their baby teeth early. Especially in the back of the mouth where there is often less room for permanent teeth to develop and erupt.

If your child loses a baby tooth shortly before a permanent tooth is expected to develop, a space maintainer isn’t necessary. A space maintainer is only required if a permanent tooth is not expected to erupt for some time.

THE IMPORTANCE OF BABY TEETH IS KEY

At Macarthur Paediatric Dentistry, our goal is to help your child achieve and maintain excellent dental hygiene that will last a lifetime. We hope this article has shed some light on the importance of baby teeth.

If your child is overdue for their next appointment give us a call on (02) 9188-0202 or book online here.

What is a pulpectomy procedure and why might your child need one?

Did you know that your child’s teeth are made up of three layers? There’s the outer enamel, the inner pulp, and at the very centre of the tooth is the root. One of the most common issues with children’s teeth are dental infections which can be caused by dental trauma or decay. If the infection goes undetected, your child may end up suffering from irreversible pulpitis where they could need to have a pulpectomy procedure.

A pulpectomy procedure is often a ‘last report’ type of treatment, so let’s explore what it entails and in what event your child may need one.

WHAT IS A PULPECTOMY PROCEDURE?

A pulpectomy procedure removes the infected or diseased pulp of the tooth. A pulpectomy procedure is similar to a root canal procedure done in adult teeth.

Once the infected pulp is removed from the tooth, the inside of the tooth is then disinfected to remove any residual bacteria and filled with a medicament. The medicament is in the form of a paste and has antibacterial properties.

A pulpectomy procedure may either be performed under local anaesthetic and nitrous oxide inhalation sedation (laughing gas or happy gas) or during a general anaesthetic procedure. We will discuss these options with you as well as any other information prior to your appointment so that you know exactly what to expect. In addition, we can help you relay the important information to your child in a reassuring and easy to understand way.

HOW IS A PULPOTOMY PROCEDURE DIFFERENT FROM A PULPECTOMY?

A pulpotomy procedure involves removing the inflamed pulp from the crown (the upper part of the tooth). In comparison, a pulpectomy procedure removes all of the pulp within the tooth (including the roots).

The aim of a pulpotomy is to preserve the healthy pulp tissue whereas a pulpectomy removes the entirety of the pulp. Pulpectomies are reserved in teeth where the pulp tissue is irreversibly inflamed.

To determine which procedure is best for your child, a thorough examination will be performed by their paediatric dentist.

WHY ISN’T MY CHILD’S INFECTED TOOTH REMOVED?

It is important to maintain the baby teeth in children. Losing a baby tooth early can lead to loss of space for the developing adult teeth.

While we may recommend tooth extraction, we always try to use this as a last resort.

If for some reason your child does lose their baby tooth early, then they may need space maintainers to help maintain space for the developing permanent tooth.

HOW LONG WILL IT TAKE FOR YOUR CHILD TO RECOVER AFTER A PULPECTOMY PROCEDURE?

It will generally take a few hours for the effects of the anaesthetic to subside. As a result, it is best to stick to soft and cold foods until the numbness wears away.

Pulpectomy procedures are generally safe. In a few cases your child may experience pain and swelling immediately following the procedure. It is best to contact your dentist should this occur

THE IMPORTANCE OF REGULAR DENTAL VISITS

Prevention is always ideal when it comes to children’s teeth. Ensuring you maintain your regular preventive visits with your dentist is the simplest way to identify any issues early.

By booking regular visits to see one of our paediatric dentists or oral health therapists we can ensure we catch any issues early.

If your child is overdue for their next appointment give us a call on (02) 9188-0202 or book online here.

How to identify if your child has a dental infection

Dental infections are one of the main issues that we aim to prevent in children. A dental infection may be caused from dental trauma, untreated tooth decay, or gum disease.

Prevention is always better than cure and the same goes with a dental infection. Routine preventive care is always helpful.

In this article we will take you through some basic signs of what might signal that your child has an infected tooth.

THE SIGNS OF A DENTAL INFECTION

A dental infection can sometimes be hard to detect. Below are some common signs and symptoms that your child may experience from an infected tooth.

Changing colour

Infected teeth can sometimes become discoloured. Look out for a tooth that has turned a shade of brown or grey. For parents who still take part in brushing their child’s teeth, this is often the easiest way to spot infection early.

Swelling

Swelling around the infected tooth often shows up as a solitary lump that is soft to touch and sometimes can drain or burst if pressure is applied to it. At times these can also present with swelling of the face or jaw. It is important to contact your dentist should your child have a swollen face.

Sensitivity and pain

Pain and sensitivity around the infected tooth may be the first noticeable symptoms, along with pain when chewing.

Bad breath

Kids may complain of a bad taste in their mouth, or you may notice significantly bad breath on multiple occasions.

TREATMENT OF A DENTAL INFECTION AT MACARTHUR PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY

If you notice any of the above signs in your child and you suspect that they have a dental infection then it is important to seek immediate care. If it is not treated, then the infection can cause surrounding damage to the teeth, bones and sometimes even the gums.

Teeth that are infected can sometimes be treated with a procedure called pulpectomy where the infected root canal in the tooth is treated with a medicament. At times if the infection is quite severe or the tooth is unable to be restored, extraction of the tooth may be the only available option. If we do need to remove the tooth, then a space maintainer may be required, depending on your child’s age.

HOW CAN YOU CARE FOR YOUR CHILD AT HOME AFTER TREATMENT?

We will provide you with instructions on how to treat and monitor your child after their treatment. Home pain treatment may include:

Cold compresses to reduce swelling
Sticking to soft and cold foods while their mouth is still numb
Warm salt water mouth rinses starting 24 hours after the day of the procedure
Keeping up with pain medication as your child needs it.

PREVENTION IS THE BEST TREATMENT FOR ANY DENTAL INFECTION

There are situations that despite a parent’s best efforts, tooth decay and infection happen.

We all know that the best treatment for dental infection is prevention. You can do this by ensuring your children brush their teeth twice a day, floss once at night, limit sugary snacks and see the dentist regularly.

If your child is overdue for their next appointment give us a call on (02) 9188-0202 or book online here.

How space maintainers are used to prepare for adult teeth

If your child loses their teeth prematurely, a space maintainer might be needed to keep the space open until the permanent tooth erupts. Although baby teeth fall out naturally some may be extracted (due to dental decay) or lost (due to dental trauma).

WHY MIGHT MY CHILD NEED SPACE MAINTAINERS?

Your child’s baby teeth play an integral role in their development – not only do they help your child to eat (get proper nutrition), they also help children to speak correctly, and guide their permanent teeth into their proper position.

If your child loses a tooth due to injury, infection or because an extraction is required, the missing space between the teeth may lead to overcrowding. This can cause some complications with malocclusion (where teeth aren’t aligned properly) that may need orthodontic intervention.

Space maintainers aren’t for everyone though. If your child loses a baby tooth shortly before a permanent tooth is expected to develop, a space maintainer isn’t necessary. A space maintainer is only required if a permanent tooth is not expected to erupt for some time.

WHAT DO SPACE MAINTAINERS LOOK AND FEEL LIKE?

Space maintainers are generally fixed in the mouth and your paediatric dentist will be able to show you what these look like during your consultation appointment.

Fixed space maintainers

Fixed space maintainers are attached with dental cement to the teeth beside the gap. These are helpful for young children or those who have lost back teeth. Fixed retainers can be fitted on the upper or lower jaw to maintain space for front or back teeth. If your child has lost one of their teeth at the front of their mouth, you can request to have a false tooth attached to fill the space. Your child’s age and ability to cooperate are important factors in deciding whether a space maintainer is suitable or not.

Different types of commonly used space maintainers

Some of the most popular options include:

Lingual holding arch: Used to maintain space for lower back teeth on both sides.
Band-and-loop device: Recommended when one or more baby molars are lost in one dental arch. This consists of a stainless steel wire that is held in place by orthodontic bands that allows the permanent tooth to erupt without blocking it.
Distal shoe appliance: Fitted over the child’s first molar and maintains the space for the permanent molar once the tooth is lost.
Transpalatal arch: Fitted on the upper jaw to preserve space on both sides of the dental arch. Held in place by wire fastened around the surrounding teeth.

DOES A SPACE MAINTAINER HURT?

Space maintainers are not meant to move or shift any teeth, so there is usually no pain associated with them. It may feel a little strange to begin with but your child will get used to them quickly.

HOW TO CARE FOR A SPACE MAINTAINER?

It is best to avoid certain foods that could disturb your child’s space maintainer, such as sticky candy, hard fruit and chewing gum. Caring for a space maintainer is similar to how you would care for braces.

As always, it is important to practice proper dental hygiene, flossing once a day and brushing twice, morning and night. In addition, if your child does have a space maintainer it is vital that you continue biannual visits to MPD so that their paediatric dentist can ensure the space maintainer is doing its job correctly.

Lastly, encourage your child to not push on the device with their fingers or tongue as this could impact its effectiveness.

THE BOTTOM LINE WHEN IT COMES TO SPACE MAINTAINERS

The most important thing is to consult MPD if your child’s primary teeth begin to fall out earlier than expected.

If you’re unsure about the next steps then please get in touch with the team at MPD and we will be happy to help.

If your child is overdue for their next appointment give us a call on (02) 9188-0202 or book online here.

The impact of dental trauma on baby teeth

Traumatic dental injuries frequently occur in 1 to 4 year old children. At this age, children are developing their walking and coordination skills and are more liable to fall. In children aged 5 onwards, dental injuries often occur due to sporting accidents.

WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO SEEK DENTAL HELP FOLLOWING DENTAL TRAUMA?

Most of the time tooth injuries are superficial and will heal quickly in a developing healthy child. However, at times dental trauma can be severe, and it could potentially disturb the development and health of the underlying permanent teeth.

Early detection is important, and this is why every parent should know how to identify signs of more serious dental trauma. In order to achieve an optimal treatment outcome, a prompt assessment by a paediatric dentist is essential.

FRACTURED BABY TEETH

The most common injury to the tooth in children is an enamel fracture. It is important to seek an opinion from your local dentist to ensure that fractures are only confined to the enamel and not deeper into the dentine or nerve/blood vessel (pulp) of the tooth.

A dental fracture can involve the crown (the portion of the tooth above the gum) or the root (the portion of the tooth below the gum) of the tooth.

Dental trauma to the crown may involve the enamel, dentine or pulp of the tooth.

Enamel only fractures often do not require any treatment.
When the dentine or pulp are involved in the fracture, these injuries become time critical and often require treatment involving the dentine or pulp (pulpotomy).

DISPLACED OR LOOSE BABY TEETH

Sometimes the force of the injury is severe enough to displace the tooth in the bony socket that it sits in.

Below are common symptoms of displacement (also called luxation) injuries:

Bleeding from the gums around the tooth.
Mobility or loose tooth/teeth.
Displaced tooth/moved from its normal position.
The tooth/teeth are tender to touch/chew with.

It is always helpful to seek attention from a paediatric dentist in cases of traumatic dental injuries so that an appropriate diagnosis can be made following which a treatment course can be formulated.

There are three ways that baby teeth can be displaced that are more severe:

Intrusion: the tooth is pushed into the tooth socket and it looks shorter or absent.
Extrusion: the tooth is partly pushed out of its socket and it looks longer.
Lateral luxation: the tooth is displaced sideways, palatally or towards the lip.
Avulsion: the tooth is entirely displaced from its socket.

Intrusion injuries present a high risk of damage to the developing teeth. Treatment will depend on the relationship between the root of the baby tooth and the crown of the permanent tooth. While radiographs (x-rays) can help, most times we will allow these teeth to naturally re-erupt into the mouth. In cases of severe intrusive injuries we may need to extract the tooth to avoid potential complications to the underlying adult tooth.

For extruded or laterally luxated teeth, the tooth should always be monitored even if there has only been a mild displacement. It may need to be extracted if the displacement is severe.

With any type of displacement from dental trauma, a long-term clinical and radiographic follow-up is essential to monitor the vitality of these teeth and to ensure that there is no delayed infection of the root which can damage the developing permanent tooth.

AVULSION

In severe injuries the tooth can be completely displaced or removed from the bony socket. We do not replant (put teeth back) baby teeth as the risk of infection and damage to the adult tooth beneath is too high. A visit from the tooth fairy is a far better outcome 🙂

Dental trauma can sometimes affect the developing teeth. Most of the time the effects are quite mild. In some cases the injury may affect development and eruption of the adult tooth significantly.

WHAT TO LOOK OUT FOR AFTER DENTAL TRAUMA

Bleeding from the gums
Increased tooth mobility
Pain when chewing or touching affected teeth
Discolouration – can be a mild yellow or grey discoloration of the tooth.

In some cases, the pulp inside the tooth can die as a reaction to the trauma. This can present as a small pimple in the gum around the affected tooth/teeth and in more severe cases as a facial swelling outside the mouth.

It is important that you contact us should this occur.

Regardless of the type of dental injury, regular follow up is crucial to diagnose any conditions and issues early. Your dentist will advise you of what to expect and the guidelines for follow up that is routinely recommended following a traumatic dental injury.

GET IN TOUCH WITH US SO WE CAN HELP

If your child has experienced dental trauma, then, the first thing you can do to help is stay calm and ensure your child is okay. Once all the tears and blood (if any) are all gone, carefully inspect the injured baby tooth to see if you can get a clearer picture of what has happened.

If you’re unsure about the next steps then please get in touch with the team at MPD and we will be happy to help.

If your child is overdue for their next appointment give us a call on (02) 9188-0202 or book online here.

Book Appointment Call Us Directly Referral Form

How do I know if my child needs braces?

How to look after baby teeth and gums

Six tips to managing dental treatments for kids with anxiety

Dental treatment under sedation for kids: What parents need to know

The importance of baby teeth and the role they play in development

What is a pulpectomy procedure and why might your child need one?

How to identify if your child has a dental infection

How space maintainers are used to prepare for adult teeth

The impact of dental trauma on baby teeth

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